Small Chest Wall Deformities: Aesthetic Concern or Surgical Indication?
Small Chest Wall Deformities: Aesthetic Concern or Surgical Indication?
Major deformities, such as pectus excavatum, pectus carinatum, Poland syndrome, and barrel chest, involve significant structural abnormalities and are generally the primary focus of clinical treatment. However, there are also smaller, localized deformities that, while not physiologically harmful, can still be a source of distress for some individuals.
Common Types of Small Chest Wall Deformities:
1. Rib Flare or costal arch deformity – This can appear as either a protrusion or depression of the lower ribs. A prominent rib flare may be visible even under clothing, which leads some individuals to seek correction for cosmetic reasons. Depressions are usually less noticeable but may still cause concern when the chest is exposed.
2. Localized Bony Protrusions – These result from minor structural irregularities in the bones of the anterior chest wall. They typically don’t affect overall chest shape but may be bothersome to individuals who are highly attentive to symmetry and detail in their appearance.
3. Sternal Angle Protrusion – Many people mistake this for pectus carinatum, but in reality, this is a common finding, especially in slender individuals. Most people don’t notice it, but for those who do, it can be a source of insecurity. Young women, in particular, often seek treatment for this concern.
4. Sternoclavicular Joint Prominence – This occurs when the clavicle’s sternal end appears bulky or enlarged. Because this is located near the neckline, some people feel it affects their appearance, making them more inclined to consider treatment.
In addition to these four common types, there are various irregular minor chest wall deformities. Since it does not affect physiological function, treatment is not necessary. But many people still choose to get it corrected for aesthetic reasons, which can be a challenge for surgeons.
Unlike major deformities, which have well-established surgical techniques, minor deformities have received far less attention. Treating them requires greater precision and specialized techniques, and these procedures share more in common with plastic and cosmetic surgery. This is one of the key distinctions that set chest wall surgery apart from traditional thoracic surgery.